Botulinum toxin for the management of adult patients with upper motor neuron syndrome: Esquenazi A et al.

Abstract: The upper motor neuron (UMN) syndrome is a collection of interactive positive signs (associated with spastic hypertonia) and negative signs, such as muscle weakness and lossof voluntary control. …

Toxicon 54 (2009) 634–638
 
Authors:
Alberto Esquenazi  a,*,
Nathaniel H. Mayer  b,
Antonio E. Elia  c,
Alberto Albanese  d

 

Author Details:
a  MossRehab Gait & Motion Analysis Laboratory and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 60 Township Line Road, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA
b  MossRehab Motor Control Analysis Laboratory and Department of PM&R Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
c  Movement Disorders Unit, Universita` Cattolica and Istituto Besta, Milano, Italy
d Neurological Movement Disorders Unit, Universita` Cattolica and Istituto Besta, Milano, Italy